Understanding While Loops in Swift


A while loop in Swift is used to repeatedly execute a block of code as long as a specified condition remains true. This loop is particularly useful when the number of iterations is unknown beforehand.

Unlike for loops, which iterate a predefined number of times, a while loop will only stop executing when its condition evaluates to false. This helps in cases where dynamic conditions dictate the number of loop iterations.

Key Characteristics of While Loops

  • The loop may never execute if the condition is initially false.
  • If the condition remains true indefinitely, the loop may lead to an infinite loop, which should be avoided.
  • It is crucial to update variables within the loop to eventually meet the stopping condition.

Syntax of a While Loop in Swift

while condition{
// Code to execute
}

condition: A Boolean expression that determines whether the loop executes.

The loop runs while condition is true. Once condition is false, execution moves to the next statement after the loop.




Example 1: Printing Numbers Using a While Loop

Let's take a look at a simple example where we print numbers from 5 to 15.

import Foundation

var number = 5
while number <= 15 {
print( "Current number is \(number) " )
number += 1
}

Output

Current number is 5
Current number is 6
Current number is 7
Current number is 8
Current number is 9
Current number is 10
Current number is 11
Current number is 12
Current number is 13
Current number is 14
Current number is 15

Example 2: Calculating Factorial Using a While Loop

Let's compute the factorial of a number using a while loop.

import Foundation

var num = 5
var factorial = 1
while num > 0 {
factorial *= num
num -= 1
}
print( "Factorial of 5 is: \(factorial)" )

Output

Factorial of 5 is: 120