JavaScript Strings

What is a String?

In JavaScript, a string is a sequence of characters used to represent text. Strings are enclosed either in:

• Single quotes ' '
• Double quotes " "
• Backticks ` ` (Template Literals)

How to Create a String?

You can create a string in two ways:

1. Using String Literals

let name = "John";
let city = 'New York';

2. Using the String Object

let greeting = new String("Hello World");
          

Tip: Prefer string literals because they are simpler and faster.

Examples and Outputs

Example 1: Single and Double Quotes

let str1 = 'Hello';
let str2 = "World";

console.log(str1);  // Output: Hello
console.log(str2);  // Output: World

Example 2: Using Quotes Inside Strings

You can use opposite quotes inside:

let str3 = "It's a beautiful day";
let str4 = 'He said, "Hello!"';

console.log(str3);  // Output: It's a beautiful day
console.log(str4);  // Output: He said, "Hello!"

If needed, you can also use escape characters:

let str5 = 'It\'s a beautiful day';
let str6 = "He said, \"Hello!\"";

console.log(str5);  // Output: It's a beautiful day
console.log(str6);  // Output: He said, "Hello!"

String Properties

• length — Returns the length of the string.

let str = "JavaScript";

console.log(str.length); // Output: 10

Common String Methods

Template Literals (Backticks)

Template literals allow:

• Multi-line strings
• String interpolation (inserting variables)

let name = "Alice";
let greeting = `Hello, ${name}!`;

console.log(greeting); // Output: Hello, Alice!

Multi-line example:

let message = `This is
a multi-line
string.`;

console.log(message);
// Output:
// This is
// a multi-line
// string.

Escape Characters

Sometimes you need special characters inside strings:

Quick Recap

• A string holds text.
• Use " ", ' ', or ` ` to define strings.
• .length, .toUpperCase(), .slice() are common methods.
• Template literals (`) make dynamic text easy.